Impact of E-Learning in Secondary Schools Students

The development of technology and the Internet all over the world during the last decade has enabled new educational delivery methods like E-learning. It is the use of technology to enable people to learn anytime and anywhere. E-learning applications and processes include Web-based learning, computer-based learning, virtual education opportunities and digital collaboration. stakeholders at different levels, such as researcher, practitioners and institutions understand the value of e-learning [Kira 2009], thus countries all over the world has adapted to this new delivery method, and Fiji as one of the developing countries has also joined them.The Universities in Fiji have already started using this method and by 2014 Fiji hopes to implement this education method in around 20 secondary school. As online education gains in popularity, it becomes more important to recognize the inherent advantages and disadvantages offered by this medium[Richard Hauser 2012]. Timothy Rodgers [2008] also stated that as the use of e-learning is becoming more and more widespread in higher education it has become increasingly important to examine the impact that this teaching style has on student performance.There have been a number of researches conducted to prove numerous advantages of E-learning. Firstly, E-learning is cost effective, for example, there are no travel costs. Melissa et al [2011]stated, access to online training is cost effective. Higgins [2012] also supported that by stating that e-learning can be effective for students as they do not need to travel and efficient in terms of time. Majority of the learners being middle aged education professionals and keen on professional development could take course that are offered through e-learning since it does not impinge upon their work times. Shikha Raturi 2011] Secondly, E-learning has Flexibility, Accessibility, and Convenience. Here the Learners can proceed through a training program at their own pace and at their own plac e. They can also access the e-Learning course at any time and only as much as they need. The rapid advance of web technology has enable universities to reach out and educate students across time and space barrier [Shu-Sheng Liaw 2008]. Higgins [2012] also supported the claim by stating that e-learning can provide flexibility in terms of time and place. Mary F.Fortune [2011] states in her research that eLearning is also convenient to learners who have problem with communication skills. Thirdly, E-learning has a lot of exchange of ideas and sharing of knowledge. Higgins [2012] specified that e-learning enhances the efficiency of access of knowledge. Shu-Sheng Liaw [2008] identified that eLearning assists learners in collaborative learning, exchanging ideas and sharing knowledge. The author also stated that in web based system, learners are encourage to exchange ideas, share perspectives, and use previous knowledge in order to decide on the best solution for the problem.He also specifi ed that knowledge sharing also enhances better teaching and learning. Although there are a lot of positives about ELearning, there are many disadvantages of E-Learning schools, and disadvantages with the ELearning process. The first issue is skills are required for the user to be able to take advantage of the E-learning. That is basic computer knowledge is require for E-learning. Kira [2009] stated in his paper that fifty percent of adults, including the first year University students, have some sort of computer related phobia.Kushir [2009] discussed in the paper that lack of certain skills or experience might put one at a disadvantage when compared to the experienced once. Lack of operational knowledge and of capabilities narrowed the options of the users in E-learning. [Falloon 2011] Next issue with E- learning is isolation of learners. As stated by Higgins [2012] learners might suffer from isolation and lack of direct social interaction. Further to that point Falloon [2011] added that learners studying at a distance can still suffer from a sense of isolation and disconnect which can adversely affect their performance.Ease of use of E-learning system is another issue that affects the learners. This is when the learning system interface is not user friendly; learners have problems using the system. Kira [2009] indicated in her work that computer anxiety was influenced by how users perceive ease of use of an information system. Shu-Sheng Liaw [2008] also added to ease of the system as user acceptance towards the system, where learners are concerned about the operating methods and functions. Information Overload is another issue of E-learning.Students reported feeling overload in the eLearning courses. [Kushir 2009]. His work also stated that some online environments are unnecessarily cluttered with irrelevant stimuli and information or the way in which the relevant information is organized affects how students learn. From the works of the above researchers it can be known that for any popular system there are positive and negative impacts depending on a range of factors such as different kinds of user, different locations of the system, different choice of users and so on.And as Fiji has recently stepped into this technological advancement of E-learning it will have its own set advantages and disadvantages. However, from the literature review the gap in E-learning was identified as equal Accessibility of the phenomenon by the populace of both rural and urban centers. It was also identified that computer Literacy of participants influenced their mode of learning.

Effect of Playing Computer Games among Pupils Essay

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Today computer games have become a popular source of entertainment especially to the younger generation. Computer games are even now having their own worldwide professional gaming league. This has proved that nowadays the society worldwide has accepted computer games seriously. The popularity of computer games has also inspired numerous researches being conducted to study its elements and the various effects of playing computer games. The term computer game is in sharp competition with video games, console games, and arcade games. Video games and console games usually mean games connected to a TV, whereas arcade games means games placed in public spaces. Computer games on the other hand, are occasionally used to mean games played on a personal computer (PC). However, since all of these areas have been developed in close parallel and because all of these games are played on computers, most researchers use the term computer game to represent all of these areas as a whole. Computer games first came into existence in the 1960s with the introduction of a shoot-up game called Spacewar!. Since then,  computer games have become a regular part of life for many people due to its increased popularity. The computer game has changed from being primarily played at an arcade to be primarily played in the home. According to Carr et al. (2006), the computer game is one of the most exciting and rapidly evolving media of our time. Evidence can be seen from the Internet where online games are one of the fastest growing areas. Computer games are also no longer just for kids. Today, the majority of players are adults who are attracted to the increasingly sophisticated and complexities of the games. Whether the players are kids, or teenagers, or mature adults, whether they are casual garners or hardcore garners, researchers admit that computer games can be addictive. However, there are also claims that playing these computer games contribute to thinking. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM This study determines to know the Effects of Playing Computer Games among Grade IV Pupils in Sultan Naga Dimaporo Integrated School on their Academic Performance. Specially, it sought to answer the following questions: 1. What are the respondents profile in terms of: 1.1 Age 1.2 Gender 1.3 Religion 1.4 Grade / Year Level 1.5 Academic Performance 2. What are the effects of playing computer games among respondents on their academic performance? 3. What implication may be drawn from the findings of the study? OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY The main objective of the study is to determine the Effects of Playing Computer Games among Grade IV Pupils in Sultan Naga Dimaporo Integrated School on their Academic Performance. This study intended to: 1. study the effects of playing computer games among Grade IV Pupils in Sultan Naga Dimaporo Integrated School on their Academic Performance; 2. discover what are the games that the respondents loved to play; and 3. analyze data  collected from the questionnaire using statistical method to devise conclusions. SCOPE AND LIMITATION This study focuses on the Effects of Playing Computer Games among Grade IV Pupils in Sultan Naga Dimaporo Integrated School on their Academic Performance. This study limits to the structured survey questionnaires to obtain the respondent’s profile distribution in terms of their age, gender, religion, grade / year level, and academic performance, the effect of computer games on the academic performance of respondents, and the implication maybe drawn from the findings of the study. The study concerns only to Grade – IV Pupils who are officially enrolled in Sultan Naga Dimaporo Integrated School. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY This study will serve as a guide for those who are concern with the academic performance of their children. Computer Games become popular because of an unusual ability or quality. It is undeniable that these games reached at home, schools and especially in businesses of many people not only in the Philippines but around the world. In Malaysia, computer games has had a deep act of going through among university students because of being part of the campus community, the students have better access to computers either on or off campus. These study findings can become a source of reference to stakeholders in elementary and the pupils about computer games. Through this study, the researcher will be able to collect data and obtain information that contributes to the understanding of how computer games affect the academic performance of respondents. When the effects are made clear, elementary teachers will be able to devise a more effective teaching and learning approach. Questions on whether computer games among pupils must be encouraged or should lectures/tutorials incorporate computer games to make learning more fun can then be answered. THEORITICAL CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK In this study, several theories have been forwarded and considered to give credibility to the study. Children who play video games for up to an hour a day are happier, more sociable and less hyperactive than those who don’t play at all, research has found. Despite widespread fears that video game usage is harmful, an Oxford University study of boys and girls aged between 10 and 15 found that playing for up to sixty minutes a day could actually be beneficial. â€Å"Young people who indulged in a little video game-playing were associated with being better adjusted than those who had never played or those who were on video games for three hours or more,† it concluded. â€Å"Those who played video games for less than an hour†¦ were associated with the highest levels of sociability and were most likely to say they were satisfied with their lives. They also appeared to have fewer friendship and emotional problems, and reported less hyperactivity than the other groups.† ( Gosden, Emily 2014) Computer games are defined as interactive entertainment software played on various platforms such as personal computers, game consoles and handheld devices (Teh, Ismail, & Toh, 2007). As defined by (Dempsey, Lucassen, Haynes, & Casey, 1997), â€Å"A game is a set of activities involving one or more players which has goals, constraints and consequences. A game is rule-guided and artificial in some respect. A game also involves some aspects of a contest or a trial of skill or ability, even if the contest is with oneself’. There are four common factors that lie in games which are representation, interaction, conflict and safety. When a computer is used to present the game and to act as an opponent or as a referee, then it is a computer game (Crawford, 1984). Computer games have some advantages that make them more popular than traditional games. First, they attract people by creating the illusion of being immersed in an imaginative virtual world with computer graphics and sound (Amory, Naicker, Vincent, & Adam, 1999). Second, the goals of computer games are typically more interactive than that of traditional games, which brings players a stronger desire to win the game. Third, computer games usually designed with an optimal level of information complexity, can easily provoke players’ curiosity. Consequently, computer games intrinsically motivate players by bringing them more fantasy, challenge, and curiosity, which are the three main elements contributing the fun in games (Malone, 1981). CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK Figure 1 presented the Schematic Diagram. The variables considered are the  respondents’ age, gender, religion, grade / year level and academic performance. Spending more times playing computer games may affect the academic performance of pupils. Investigation on the academic performance of respondents would lead to making implications and recommendations on the effects of playing computer. Figure 1. Schematic Diagram of the Conceptual Framework of the Study

Mozart's Women Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Mozart's Women - Term Paper Example Don Juan changes with generations and the Magic Flute, part of the German folklore, has become a universal tale of striving through the trials and tribulations of life. Comparing the women of two operas has proven to be a false reality as most documentation has used fallacies which would be against the purpose of this paper. One example is shown is Kristi Brown's, Mozart's Women. She compared Donna Anna to a misfortunate Spanish maiden. She never once considered the social context whereas Mozart was writing an Italian opera only using the setting and subject matter of "Don Juan" with an 18th century interpretation as did Moliere use "Don Juan" in France in the precedent century. Social context were taken into account in both cases. During her lecture of Mozart's two operas, Mrs Brown never took mentioned the social context of the 18th century. It is the purpose of this paper to show how Mozart integrated the importance into his opera as a way to integrate his values and judgments as a form of communication as well as dissent. An opera buffa was the style of the period. (Grout 517) It was a light hearted opera which made the audience laugh and also to sell tickets. Mozart's Don Giovanni was opera buffa with much controversy. There was much discussion as the theme was thought to be too serious for a "funny" opera". People usually did not die nor were audiences frightened by stoned statues. Mozart's using three women characters was his own characteristic tool enabling to mix reality with storytelling. Gounoud wrote in the 19th century Don Giovanni was an "apogee of the lyrical drama, a wondrous example of truth, beauty of form, appropriateness of characterization, deep insight into the drama, purity of style, †¦.charm and tenderness in the love passages, and power in pathos." (Krehbiel 69) Don Giovanni "can be viewed as an archetype of every man or woman's alter ego, a man who faces that eternal conflict of the tension, desire and craving for love, and the st ruggle between emotion and reason, the spirit and the flesh, or the sacred and the profane". (Ballantine 19) In the 18th century period of Enlightenment, women were given intellectual and artistic liberties that the Don Juan of Moliere would never have had. These liberties were accepted as long as women adhered to the roles of the domestic life as well as appearing to support one's husband. Sexuality was open but behind the screen. Donna Anna, had she been scorned by Don Giovanni by our standards, she would have been considered as having been raped. Had she been scorned by the standards of the 18th century of Enlightenment, it would be possible to assume that he only shamed her future position as an aristocratic. Her role was to maintain the household and support her husband in appearance? Nowhere in the opera is it said why she is scorned, a 21rst century assumption is being made because of Don Giovanni's past histories with women. Much controversy has been made in literature to th e extent of the role women played in the period of Enlightenment. Needless to say, Mozart was highly touched by the dichotomy of the role of women. His wife would forgive him for his philander with servant girls but not with "educated or artistic"(Stafford 119) (Paumgartner, Mozart, 273). To the extent this showed the sexual freedom of 18th century Italy. It was quite common to have extra marital affairs for both men and women. In prenuptial agreements, women were allowed their cicisbeo or man

2013 Fashion Promotion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

2013 Fashion Promotion - Essay Example The essay "Fashion Promotion" talks about the promotion in fashion. The brand, Release, has every intention to rival well positioned brands in the fashion industry such as ZARA, HM and TopShop. Obviously, this is not a mean challenge as these are well established brands which have largely cut a niche in the fashion market. At the moment, a brand such as ZARA is the biggest fashion retailer in the world, eating into its UK market share will require meticulous planning and exquisite brand positioning. One that puts into consideration the cultural diversity, demographics, and the choices and priorities of the brands focus group. Release has made a deliberate effort to define its customers not on basis of products but on class, with the focus group being the high end clientele who are often in the middle or upper middle bracket. The idea is to provide everything this class of customers requires in terms of fashion under one roof, availing them a chance to shop for the entire family with complete ease. The premium fashion brands segment has arguably witnessed the greatest changes in the consumer market. The segment also faces aggressive competition from the higher-priced luxury and prestige brands and the lower priced mass fashion brands. High end consumers desire innovative and inspiring luxury products to enable them to feel dynamic and alive. They view high-end products as not necessarily the most expensive or the most lavish products, but the best that suits each individual and their outlook of life.

Video Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Video Response - Essay Example â€Å"claiming† education because it compels students to be active, free, and critical-thinking agents of the learning process, not passive recipients of â€Å"knowledge.† Rich helped me become more confident in claiming knowledge through being more responsible for thinking about my thinking and criticizing the thinking behind patriarchal texts in the past and present times. The second concept is â€Å"sexism.† Before, I used to think that sexism is about men subjecting women to prejudice and discrimination. Bell Hooks, in â€Å"Where We Stand: Feminist Politics,† argued that sexism also involves how sexist feminists undercut revolutionary feminists by accepting assimilation. Assimilation means that feminism ends with women being equals of men without changing the system that patriarchy is built on. Hooks encouraged me to become more critical of feminism in light of what women are no longer fighting for because of their assimilation into lifestyle feminism . The third concept is â€Å"revolution.† In American Revolutionary, Grace Lee Boggs inspired me when she said that â€Å"revolution† entails the evolution of the self, for only in changing the self can people aspire to truly change the world. Indeed, I cannot contribute to important social changes if I am not willing to change beliefs and assumptions that reinforce socially unjust beliefs and practices. 2. The Grace Lee Boggs documentary "American Revolutionary" focused on the intersections of race, racism, social justice and the importance of community. There was a conversation on ELMS yesterday about the intersection of race and feminism which leads me to ask, is race a feminist issue? Why or why not. Please explain your answer. I agree that race is a feminist issue because race affected and still continues to affect feminism’s assumptions, beliefs, practices, and goals. Feminism cannot be race-blind because race is part of our identity, especially in America, where race is a central issue for women in the past

John Kerry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

John Kerry - Essay Example A decorated navy veteran John is serving his fourth term as a Senator, after winning in 2002. During his two decades of service, he has successfully taken up a range is issues like; Safeguarding the interests of the small business and for providing such businesses a level playing field in view of the cut-throat competition in global economy. His being the chairman of the Senate Small Business Committee came in handy for this matter. Though Sen. John Kerry has been a known figure in national politics since 1971, but it was during the Presidential elections campaign that we could see a multifaceted personality during all of TV shows, debates and election rallies. He started off as a lone ranger, in contrast to the huge hype created around President Bush, but gradually succeeded in picking up the pace solely on the basis of his uncanny ability to address the issues in right perspective. His grasp on foreign affairs has been the key in giving his popularity graph a big boost. Though George W. Bush appears to have an edge as far as mesmerizing the audience is concerned but John Kerry makes his mark amongst the intellectuals. As the campaign progressed, the general public too started taking notice of his able leadership and he was able to put up a tough fight in front of George Bush. In fact John earned the reputation of blooming at the opportune moment when despite being an early favorite for the 2004 Democratic pre sidential nomination, Howard Dean appeared to leave him behind, but Kerry quickly emerged as the frontrunner once the voting began, securing enough delegates for the nomination. Nurturing his constituency: In the national politics Massachusetts has remained overwhelmingly Democratic (Almanac, 2006). The state voted for John Kerry 62%-37% in 2004. George W. Bush could top 40% only in Plymouth County and Cape Cod, and the northeast Boston suburbs in Essex County. Politics in Massachusetts for years has been a kind of culture war between Yankee Republicans and Irish Democrats. With a population of 6,349,097 (Almanac, 2006) and rural-urban composition of 8.6%-91.4%, the state today boasts of almost 100% employment figures. That's indeed a feather in the cap of the officials representing the state. Prosperity of the people in the state is further evident by the rising income levels of the people with majority of the job holders (i.e. 67%) being white collar, while 18.7% hold blue collar and 14.3% hold gray collar jobs. The composition of state is; Ethnic

Static vs. Dynamic XML queries Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Static vs. Dynamic XML queries - Essay Example It enables data transfer from virtual or real documents in the wide world web to or from databases providing an interaction that is much needed. A static XML query is concerned with the retrieval of information and updating the node contents. It does not involve any other changes to the structure of the document (OLTEANU 2004). A dynamic XML query not only retrieves information and updates the content of the document in question; it also inserts new nodes while at the same time deleting the existing nodes often resulting in a change in the document structure. There has been a surge in the need for XML updates thanks to the growing preference for XML as a data exchange format. A labeling scheme supporting solely static XML queries is not enough for XML to become a general standard for data representation and exchange; a labeling scheme that effectively supports dynamic XML trees is also necessary (BEHRENDS 2007). However, dynamic queries are problematic and difficult to handle because they are require the updating of the labels of many nodes simultaneously with the updating of the original XML document to preserve the efficiency of the labeling scheme. GROPPE, J. (2008). Speeding up XML querying satisfiability test & containment test of XPath queries in the presence of XML schema definitions. LuÃÅ'ˆbeck, University, Diss.,

Improving Performance through Learning, Coaching & Development Essay

Improving Performance through Learning, Coaching & Development - Essay Example Recruiting and retaining good performers in this industry is faced with much difficulty as the attrition rate is very high compared to other industries. So to retain and attract high performing employees, especially when there is high competition in this industry, it is important for the company to design and implement an effective training and development system which will help the company to support the employees growth and aspirations and also give the company a competitive advantage over the other players in the industry. Training and development plays a critical role in making a call center work successfully by ensuring a positive work environment and ensures the satisfaction of employees by supporting and guiding them and thereby providing them opportunities to grow. The report is being designed with the objective of improving the performance of the employees through an effective process of training and development in Endeavour, an outsourcing company operating in the UK and in India with approximately 5000 employees across the three sites maintained by the business. Identification of Training and Development needs The main drivers of a training and development program in an outsourcing business are new business opportunities, changes in customer requirements, management planning and changes in technology (Mayben, 1999, p.293). Taking up new business opportunities create the need for additional training and awareness. Often the launch of a new product or aiming at a new target group require proper training to be imparted to the call center agents. Industry issues arising newly also require additional training to review the processes and the work systems. Management planning is required in areas of resource management, specific technologies, queuing processes and real-time management. To support managers in these areas continuous training and development should be imparted so that the managers are aware of the new trends and developments in the industry. T he introduction of new technologies in the business often requires training to be given to the employees to make them skilled to operate new systems and use unique technologies like reporting systems, online desktop tools and specialized telephones (Holman, 2000, p. 69). Also the soft skills of pitching a product, selling through different media and customer service are taught to the employees through new training programs. The increase in the level of customer expectations may often lead to unsatisfied customers. Training should be given in these cases to redefine the processes and the systems. Political or regulatory changes often lead to customers asking questions and the agents are liable to answer. So, they must be trained to handle these concerns so as to save the company from any negative publicity or legal action (Solomon, 2001, p.17). The competition in this industry is high making it difficult to retain skilled employees. The need to retain talent within the organization i s another important driver for training systems. The key objectives of a call center training process include the alignment with the organizational objectives involving senior management guidance, improving quality and

Flexible Workers Essay Example for Free

Flexible Workers Essay The term flexible working means Flexible working is a phrase that describes any working pattern adapted to suit workers needs. Flexibility is the The ability of an organisation to adapt the size, composition, responsiveness and cost of the people inputs required to achieve organisational objectives (Pilbeam and Corbridge, 2010). There are different forms of flexibility which are numerical flexibility, functional flexibility, financial flexibility, locational flexibility and temporal flexibility. Numerical flexibility is where employers can change the size of their workforce as their labour requirements change. Functional flexibility is the ability of an organization to move employees to other duties or responsibilities within the company. Locational flexibility is that employees can work from home instead of coming to the office. Types of temporal flexibility are Part time working, home working, job Sharing, term time working, annual Hours Zero hours, 9 day fortnight/compressed hours. The table below shows that â€Å"Between 2006 and 2011 there was a general increase across all modes of flexible working (Table 2). Teleworking (TN0910050S) saw the greatest rise, being offered by 14% of employers in 2006 and 59% in 2011. This echoes trends in flexible working observed in the UK as well as the rest of Europe (EU1101011D). The popularity of teleworking has been boosted by improvements in information communication technologies (ICT) and its attractiveness to the smallest companies (69% offer this form of flexible working)†. (ewco 2011) Source: CBI/Harvey Nash (2011) â€Å"The Third Work-Life Balance Employer Survey found that the vast majority (92 per cent) of employers would consider a request to change a working pattern from any employee despite legislation only requiring employers to do so from some employees. Amongst those employers where a request had been made in the previous 12 months, just nine per cent said they had turned down any requests. The survey reported that employers continue to hold predominantly positive attitudes towards work-life balance and to perceive its benefits for employees and workplaces alike, although it is clear that most employers feel that the implementation of flexible working practices is not always easy, and should not be expected by employees where it would cause disruption to the business (Family Friendly Working Hours Taskforce 2008). The Atkinson’s Flexible Firm Model is a technique used by the managers of a company to organize the work place with the help of different forms of flexibility to efficiently make full use of its work force. The model is based on the principle of dividing the work force into core and peripheral groups. The core group consists of workers that are vital to the company, the work force is functionally flexible and are very difficult to replace because of some special skills, knowledge about a product or market and experience in the field. The peripheral group consists of workers who are numerically flexible. This because of the worker in this group can be replaced easily, the supply in labour market is high, they were only needed for a specific task or they might be only needed in the peak time of a business. For a worker it is better to be of the core than the periphery as they would have job security, improved conditions of work and a better pay rate as they cannot be replaced easily. The model also shows how important can the external workers be for the business. For example sub contracted workers like the cleaning staff of an airline are not core part of the company but they are important in running of the business (oxford human resource management). According to BT Case study,† BT demonstrates the power of flexible working as it has adapted the way it manages people and the way they work to stay competitive and responsive. The company has what is believed to be one of the largest flexible working projects in Europe – the BT Work style project. Flexible working is available to almost everyone in BT, and BT now has over 70,000 flexible workers ,from senior managers to contact centre staff. At BT, flexible working is business as usual. Already seven out of 10 people work flexibly and nearly 10% are home based. It has saved the company millions in terms of increased productivity and cut costs. It has also motivated our people and released more potential. † Sir Christopher Bland, Chairman, BT Group (BT group). Flexible working both meets the needs of employees and improves companies’ capacity to serve customers – to optimise communications, reduce response times, improve service and support, and contribute to the overall customer experience – and, in doing so, it secures competitive advantage. See figure 1 below This clearly shows that BT has used flexible working and gained a lot from it, BT used compressed hours to lengthen engineers days which led to high level of job completion customer satisfaction and engineers enjoyed half day off a week which creates motivation among the employees. : British gas has been using flexible working for a long time and it has been their key element in business strategy. British gas offers its employees different types of flexible working which has enabled the company to offer 24 hour service for its customers. British gas flexible working provisions include allowing university students to study, letting people work longer or shorter hours, part-time and full-time roles, flexible hours to allow for childcare, and remote working and they also support home working for some employees. Benefits of offering flexible working for British Gas are that they want to attract and retain the best talent, regardless of background and responsibilities and they want a diverse workforce that reflects community and customer base. Offering flexible working increases employee’s loyalty the brand and provides a better environment to work. British Gas has been chosen as one of the Top 50 Great Places to Work for the 3rd year running rising four places to number 26 in the list (British Gas 2012). Marks and spencer revised their working in February 2010 to give greater emphasis to the requirement for line managers to give all formal flexible working requests due consideration, and agree those requests that are beneficial to both company and the employee. Marks and spencer currently supports these types of flexible working, part-time working, job-sharing, term-time working and home working on a part-time basis depending on the job, flexible retirement options and career leave of up to nine unpaid months to study. Marks and spencer are committed to employee engagement and believe that flexible working contributes to their levels of engagement. Other benefits include attraction of the best talent, retention of our existing talent, and productivity across the business, motivation to give great service increased morale. All these factors lead to better quality service being offered to its customers. (Marks and Spencer plc 2013). Accenture offers the following flexible working provisions flexible hours’ reconfiguration of existing hours over contractual number of days, part-time working, and job-sharing, home-enabled working leave of absence policy: allowing employees to take unpaid leave to pursue activities outside of the working environment. The company also makes full use of multiple flexible working arrangements simultaneously, and any type of flexible working is available to each level f employees. (CIPD 2012) Accenture has seven business reasons to create a more flexible, supportive work environment which are to attract and retain a broad range of talented people, to raise morale and increase job satisfaction, to increase productivity and improve business results to enhance commitment and engagement and to cut health care costs and last to attract investors. More than 80% of Accenture e mployees say that achieving work–life balance is important. Fifty-two per cent of Accenture UK employees also said they are already working flexibly at Accenture and these 52% show increased levels of engagement (2013 Accenture). Companies offer flexibility to its workers as they are benefited from it but there are some draw backs as well like some employers that offer flexible working are doing it on case by case basis rather than making it general work practice, an employee that needs flexible working can come to the employer but it is up to the employer to agree or disagree. When the employer approves or disapproves the employees request it creates internal conflict among employees. If an employee finds it unfair that some employees can work flexibly and some cannot, they feel that some workers are preferred more over them which creates conflict and it leads to de-motivated workers causing the standard of work done by them to be less efficient. Although companies with flextime often use core hours to encourage teamwork, employees that work inconsistent schedules cannot spend as much time in collaboration with co-workers as employees that work the same hours. Employees may only have a few hours a day for this collaboration. In some workplaces, work team communication takes place in an ongoing and spontaneous fashion that is hard to limit to just a few hours. Flextime can slow down the pace of work team production because of this restricted collaboration (Kokemuller 2013). The costs involved in administering flexible are also high which restricts small businesses to adapt it. Employees will not be in work at certain times and therefore it may not be suitable for organisations where continuous cover is necessary. Another disadvantage is that if the offices are open for a longer period, it may lead to increased costs for lighting and heating. Following are the barriers that businesses have to face to create a flexible working condition for its employees Operational pressures, customer/service requirements, line managers’ ability to effectively manage flexible workers, line management attitudes, accommodating employee requests for flexibility and financial constraints. Operational pressures: one of the drawbacks is operational pressure which causes stress (CIPD, 2012).? Communication problems: communication problems can hinder productivity with flexible working because relevant information doesn’t get to the employee (CIPD, 2012). Customer and service requirement: when there is high service requirement where staff need to deal with customers it makes flexibility almost impossible (CIPD, 2006). Flexible working is an important aspect in business as there are many benefits. Flexible working is now being practiced by large companies and it has increased significantly. We have seen that how companies like British Gas, Marks and Spencer and Accenture have used flexible working to define its business. Companies have benefited by getting efficient staff, increased productivity and higher levels of motivation of its workers. There are some barriers and one of the main reasons is operational pressure. Thus today use of flexible working is very important for a company’s success. However there are some drawbacks as well like companies have to face increased costs which restrict small businesses to adapt to flexible working. oth employee and employer are benefited from it, advantages of flexible working to employees are Opportunity to achieve a work life balance, increased satisfaction and higher motivation levels. Whereas the benefits to employers are higher productivity, along with improved customer service, reduced absenteeism, lower staff turnover, improved recruitment and retention of a diverse workforce, raised motivation/engagement and enhanc ed employer branding as employer of choice. Thus we can see that the benefits of working flexibly can benefit the company and it is also good for its workers.

Physics of Springboard Diving Essay Example for Free

Physics of Springboard Diving Essay What the hurdle does, is first to allow the diver to use the diving board as a slingshot, and second get as much energy as possible out of the slingshot. This is achieved when the diver takes the first leap into the air with his arms raised. When he comes back down on the board, his own mass falling onto the board will apply a certain force. An additional force is added as the arms swing down at the same time with a greater acceleration, applying more force. At the bottom of the diving boards oscillation, all of the now stored potential energy is released. The diver swings his arms upward and begins to release his pressure on the board. The board pushes the diver up and into the air with a huge force. This force now can be used by the diver not only to go up, but to rotate and therefore perform various dives. The Dives and Application To do a front dive a diver pushes his hips upward just slightly as he leaves the board. After he had begun to go up into the air, he throws his arms downward just enough to make is upper torso rotate around his hips. At the peak of the dive, the diver tightens his stomach muscles and pulls his legs up towards the sky, leaving his body in a perfect upside-down position to enter the water head-first. In order to perform a front dive with a somersault, it requires a full flip of the body and therefore it takes a quicker rotation to cover such an angular distance. The diver takes off from the diving board with the same hip motion and arm swing as for a forward dive, but throws the arms further and makes a smaller ball in the air. As is seen in the laws of rotational motion, the divers moment of inertia becomes smaller, but since momentum must be conserved in the system, the angular speed increases to compensate. It is important to note here that the reverse can be applied in order to stop the divers rotation to keep him from doing a belly-flop on the water. To stop his rotation, the diver increases his moment of inertia by straightening his body, conserving momentum again. When a diver goes to jump off of the board backwards, he begins by swinging his arms down with a deep knee bend. Just as in the hurdle, this presses the board down. When the diver lets the diving board recoil, he does two things at the same time: He swings his arms back up and jumps up. The board assists the diver just as in the hurdle and he has the ability to put this new energy to use. To do a back dive, the diver pushes his hips up as he leaves the board. Once airborne, he leans back and pulls his hips upward even more, generating just enough rotation to go into the water headfirst. To do a back dive with a somersault, the diver pulls his hips upward while leaving the board. As the rotation begins, he swings his arms around and grabs his knees to make himself smaller. Again, just as is accomplished with the front dive with a somersault, the moment of inertia is made smaller and the angular speed increases to make enough spin that is needed to complete the somersault. Reverse Dives You would think that there was a similar technique between performing a back dive and a reverse dive, which is true. A forward hurdle is applied before the dive, but when the diver leaves the board, he pushes his hips upward and leans back enough to create a backwards rotation and enter the water head first. Again, just like the back dive with a somersault, the same laws of physics allow for a diver to perform a reverse dive with one-and-a-half somersaults and enter the water headfirst. A smaller moment of inertia leads to a greater angular speed. Inward Dives Although the take-off for an inward dive is like that of a back dive, the techniques used in the air are exactly like those that are used to perform a front dive. Twisting Dives The front dive with one somersault and one twist can appear to be tricky, but it involves the same conservation of momentum as the other dives, only along two axis of rotation. When the diver takes off from the board, he begins his flipping rotation by throwing his upper body down towards his legs. Next, he unfolds while rapidly wrapping his arms about his body. This begins the twisting motion. From here, all the diver has to do is figure out what his orientation in the air is in order to know when to straighten his body to counter the flip and when to unwrap his arms to counter the twist before entering the water.

Effect Of Subliminal Advertising: Children

Effect Of Subliminal Advertising: Children Many of us find the idea of subliminal messages altering our thought processes to be horrifying today. Often seen as akin to brainwashing, the notion that advertisers rely on subliminal messages to prey on childrens minds, demanding their attachment to some new cereal, toy, or game, is equally if not more disturbing to many people. Yet despite the protests of those against advertising to children, the effects of normal commercials are hardly subliminal, and hardly cause uncontrollable or irreversible change in disposition or desire. Additionally, though the effects of product placement in movies and television may more compellingly be seen as subliminal, and likely impact children more than adults, the effects of such advertising are not necessary severe, irreversible, or long-term for children. In this essay, I review research findings related to subliminal advertisings effects on children. I argue that while product placement in movies and television does technically qualify as subliminal advertising that can be seen to significantly effect children (unlike traditional commercial advertising, which does not technically produce subliminal effects), neither product placement nor commercial advertising has been proven to have irreparable unconscious or subconscious effects that vary according to age. While children are more vulnerable to product placement advertising as subliminal messaging than are adults, children should nonetheless not be seen as victims of brainwashing, but merely as less-informed or autonomous actors in a world where we can avoid advertisings effects by critically receiving messages and providing an alternative voice or message to those less informed around us. Subliminal Advertising Versus Commercial Advertising As Rogers points out in his historical examination of the idea of subliminal market advertising, the idea of the subliminal advertisement came about in the late 1950s, when it was suggested that data projected briefly on television would reach the consuming public subconsciously, rather than consciously, providing a qualitatively stronger effect that could be advantageous to marketers. Despite a lack of scientific validation for this claim, which one early critic likened to the idea that a whiff of a martini is worse than a swallow (qtd. in Rogers 13), the idea caught hold in the popular imagination that subliminal advertising strongly effected people without their knowing it, in favor of advertisers interests. In one movie theater where messages to eat popcorn and drink Coke were projected quickly (and therefore subliminally) on the screen, it was claimed that sales skyrocketed (Rogers 13). Yet this early experiment was not confirmed by third parties or conducted with an eye to potential limitations, and other variables were not carefully considered. Additionally, organizations concerned with protecting ordinary citizens from subliminal messages, such as the Federal Communications Commission, did not find in their experiments that such messages had strong or even noticeable effects (Rogers 15). Later research adhering more closely to scientific standards confirmed on the contrary that a strong stimulus produces a strong response, and a weak stimulus produces a weak response, implying that zero perception equals zero response, and so subliminal means in practical terms no effect' (Rogers 15). It has been argued nonetheless that for young children who may not recognize the difference between television programming and advertisements, commercials serve as subliminal advertising, effecting their beliefs and behaviors without their control. As Goldstein notes, the argument repeated in nearly every document on advertising to children assumesthat commercials create wants because young viewers do not understand advertising and are therefore particularly influenced by it (Children and Advertising 5). However, Goldsteins review of empirical research highlights evidence suggesting that advertising to children does not strongly effect their behavior or attitudes, in comparison with other sources of influence and socialization (Policy Implications). Parents and peers play a role in shaping children, which is arguably stronger than that of any commercial or corporation. As Goldstein writes, children learn to be consumers in the same way they are socialized into politics or acquire the ir attitudes about the sexes-from a variety of sources, including family, friends, teachers, and the mass media (Policy Implications 9). Additionally, no research indicates that not comprehending an advertisement as such gives it a stronger impact. As with the claim regarding subliminal messaging more generally, if you cannot comprehend something, then there is no reason why it would more strongly influence you than would something you can comprehend. As Goldstein argues, if children cannot extract the commercial message, they are not in a position to act on it (Policy Implications 5). Studies in different countries and contexts additionally confirm that commercials have little impact on young children, despite intuitive but anecdotal evidence of children identifying goods and toys on commercials as things they would like to possess (Goldstein, Children and Advertising 6).. Thus, while the research remains open to interpretation in this complex area of study, claims that commercials extraordinarily impact the youngest should not be taken as the ultimate truth. In summary, the idea of subliminal advertising having a strong effect on children or people in general due to its incomprehensibility is not strongly backed up by research, despite its initial appeal. Neither adults nor children are necessarily effected strongly by advertising messages they do not consciously recognize as advertising, while it seems likely on the contrary that subliminal advertisements not consciously received have little to no impact. Product placement within television programming or movies better fits the description of subliminal messaging, however, as it does have an impact, albeit a manageable one, on people (such as children) who fail to notice it. Product Placement: Subliminal Advertising that We Can Manage While images flashing across the screen effect adults little more than commercials that children do not recognize impact children, subliminal messaging is likely more effective in advertising through product placement, where characters in a movie or television series smoke a particular brand of cigarettes or drink a particular kind of soda, whose brand is one very minor message that easily goes unnoticed in the context of a plot line or other character or story development. Research shows there are effects to product placement that go beyond those associated with traditional forms of subliminal messaging. However, the effects of product placement on children are not necessarily severe or irreversible, leading most to conclude that this form of advertising is not much more of a serious problem for children than are regular commercial advertisements. Though product placement can be understood as non-subliminal as products usually have exposure time measured in seconds rather than milliseconds, making the message easy to see, if one is looking for it, product placement may be considered subliminal nonetheless, as its effects can be taken to be tacit or implicit because recollection of the brands may be unreliable or unavailable (Auty and Lewis, Delicious Paradox 118). Studies have found that children do respond to this sort of subliminal messaging. In one study, half of the children were shown a clip from the movie Home Alone where Pepsi Cola is spilled during a meal, while the other half were shown a similar clip without the branded soda. The majority of the children who saw the Pepsi Cola chose Pepsi over Coke in a later research session, while the majority of those who did not see the Pepsi label in the clip chose Coke. These findings lead Auty and Lewis to conclude that given the tendency of young children to watch videos of t heir favorite films over and over again, the findings have ethical implications for the use of product placement in films targeted at young children who have not yet acquired strategic processing skillsthey have been affected by the exposure in some preconscious way (Childrens Choice 713). Another hypothesis of this study was that younger children would be more vulnerable to product placement than older children. This was not found to be the case, suggesting that age is not a major factor impacting a childs vulnerability to product placement messaging. However, whether one has advertising literacy, which can only be developed at adolescence, does impact the effects of product placement on an individual. As Auty and Lewis write, it appears as if a sophisticated understanding of advertising will actually militate against effective commercial communications because it will stimulate a counterargument (Delicious Paradox 127). When one recognizes an advertisement as a form of attempted manipulation, this critical orientation can disincline one toward the message to buy or desire a particular good or service. Because one requires a certain level of cognitive maturity to understand product placement and other forms of advertising in a critical manner, age therefore becomes cr ucial to understanding how it is that adults but not children can become immune to such messaging. Auty and Lewis regard this as a delicious paradox of product placement as subliminal advertising: adults can guard against preconscious perceptions simply by noting the appearance of a produce as a placement with a commercial origin while children 8-12 years of age need cues to produce counterarguments, thus failing to understand the product placement as a commercial message (Delicious Paradox 128). It seems, therefore, that product placement in film does effect children more so than adults as a form of subliminal messaging. Thus, while it remains the case that unnoticed messages often have little to not effect on people whatever age they are, adults can develop a form of immunity to product placement as subliminal messaging, whereas children are vulnerable to this form of messaging, though its impact remains variable and difficult to understand in a conclusive manner. Such findings have led to much scrutiny particularly of product placement of alcohol or tobacco products in films or television shows accessible by children. In the 1980s many felt certain that such subliminal advertising was inappropriately impacting young people, encouraging them to make unhealthy decisions in the interests of businesses. Yet there remains hope that, as with other forms of subliminal advertising, the effects of product placement on young people can be managed by parental influence and other shapers of young peoples behaviors and attitudes. As Goldstein argues, the best predictors of smoking are whether ones parents and friends smoke (Policy Implications 9). Advertisers have no monopoly in their influence, and on the other hand one can identify countries where smoking is prevalent while people have little exposure to cigarette advertisements (Goldstein, Policy Implications 10), suggesting that the relationship between advertisements and behavior is hardly inevitable . Thus, one can teach their children to critically view media messages and otherwise help shape choice so that the media does not do this for them. In conclusion, there is little reason to be afraid of subliminal advertisings effects on children. Research suggests that at all ages that which one does not comprehend will have a small to nonexistent impact on his or her behavior, attitudes, and desires, which implies that children who watch advertisements that they do not understand are unlikely to be brainwashed or effected in a strong way by the messages. Neither children nor adults are significantly impacted by subliminal messages or other commercials that go unrecognized as such, and thus we have little to worry about when it comes to the effects of subliminal advertising on children. On the other hand, product placement today comes closer to fitting the definition of effective subliminal messaging, as information can be delivered without audience recognition to create an effect on uncritical minds. Clearly children are disadvantaged with regard to product placement as they are not able to recognize product placement as a means of behavior manipulation, and thus this remains a cause of concern for those who fear that children are at risk of taking up bad habits due to product placement of alcohol or cigarettes, for example. Nonetheless, as with other forms of subliminal advertising we cannot recognize or comprehend, we should not be too fearful of the effects of product placement on children as a form of subliminal advertising, as the media is only one of many factors influencing children, including parents, friends, and educators. Subliminal advertising, while it may exist, thus has only a minor impact on children, overall, against other factors vying for childre ns minds.

Clothing and Darkness in Shakespeares Macbeth :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Use of Imagery in Macbeth  Ã‚   In Macbeth, William Shakespeare uses many forms of imagery, including the forms of clothing and darkness. Each detail in his imagery contains an important symbol of the play. These symbols that must be understood if one is to understand either the passage which contains it or the play as a whole. In Macbeth, the image of clothing is used to suggest that throughout the play, Macbeth is seeking to hide his "disgraceful self" from his eyes and from others. Shakespeare wants to keep alive the ironical contrast between the wretched creature that Macbeth really is and the disguises he assumes to conceal that fact. Secondly, honors are thought of as garments to be worn; likewise, Macbeth is constantly represented symbolically as the wearer of robes not belonging to him. He is wearing an "undeserved dignity." A crucial point in describing the purpose of clothing in ‘Macbeth' is found in the fact that these are not his garments. Therefore, Macbeth is uncomfortable in them because he is continually conscious of the fact that they do not belong to him. In the following passage, the idea constantly recurs that Macbeth's new honours sit ill upon him, like a loose and badly fitting garment, belonging to someone else:    New honours come upon him,    Like our strange garments, cleave not to their mould,    But with the aid of use.    (1.3.144) The second, most important chain of imagery used to add to the atmosphere is that of darkness. In a Shakespearean tragedy, a special tone, or atmosphere, must be created to show the darkness and blackness of it. In Macbeth, Shakespeare uses the design of the witches, the guilt in Macbeth's soul, and the darkness of the night to establish the atmosphere. The most remarkable scenes take place at night or in some dark spot. For instance, the vision of the dagger, the murder of Duncan, the murder of Banquo, and Lady Macbeth's sleep-walking all occur at night. Darkness is when the traveler hastens to reach safety in his inn, when Banquo rides homeward to meet his assassins. Furthermore, it is the time when the wolf howls, the owl screams and murder steals forth to his work. The darkness symbolizes many things. First, and most importantly, it stands for the death and evil in the play. The darkness could partially block out all of the horrible things that occur in the night.

Lassa Fever: An Old World Arenavirus Essay -- essays research papers

Lassa Fever: An Old World Arenavirus ABSTRACT A brief summary of lassa fever, its history, pathology and effects on the indigenous populations. Also, lassa fever in the context of newly emerging diseases. LASSA FEVER On January 12, 1969, a missionary nun, working in the small town of Lassa, Nigeria, began complaining of a backache. Thinking she had merely pulled a muscle, she ignored the pain and went on about her business. After a week, however, the nurse had a throat so sore and so filled with ulcers, she couldn't swallow. Thinking she was suffering from one of the many bacterial diseases endemic to the area, her sisters administered every antibiotic they had on store in the town's Church of the Brethren Mission Hospital. But, the antibiotics did nothing. Her fever escalated, she was severely dehydrated and blotches, hemorrhages, were appearing on her skin. She began to swell and became delirious, so they shipped her to a larger hospital, where one day later she went into convulsions and died. After a nurse who was tending to the sister came down with the same symptoms and died, the doctors in the hospital began to suspect it was a disease heretofore unseen by any of them. Autopsy on the nurse showed significant damage to every organ in the body, the heart was stopped up, with loads of blood cells and platelets piled well into the arteries and veins. Fluids and blood filled the lungs. Dead cells and lipids clogged the liver and spleen. The kidneys were so congested with dead cells and free proteins they had ceased to function. Dissecting the lymph nodes, they discovered that they were completely empty; every white blood cell had been utilized in a futile attempt to stave off the unknown microbe. A few days later, a prominent western viral researcher contracted the unknown disease and the hunt for the microbe that caused lassa fever, began in earnest.(Garrett, 1994) Lassa fever is a virus belonging to the family Arenaviridae. Genus Arenavirus, although being around for about 60 years in the form of lymphocytic choriomeningitis, has recently been brought to the public's attention because of the large number of species known as "emerging viruses" in the genera. The genera consists mostly of new world viruses, among them the Junin, Machupo and Guanarito viruses, which cause, respective... ...verage is around 20%.(Sanford, 1992) To date there has been no intensive mapping of the extent of virulent Lassa distribution in Africa and there is no surveillance for spread or contraction of the established highly endemic zones.(Southern, 1996) It took a number of sick westerners to grab the attention of the developed nations before they began to investigate this illness. Now that we have discovered it and are convinced it is not an immediate danger, we have retreated to our own nations, without so much as a single rodent eradication program. As a result the disease has spread to a much larger endemic area. The feeling is that it could be controlled by proper hygienic and educational measures, but the developed world chooses to leave the dying and forgotten continent, Africa, to suffer yet another vicious and deadly disease. LITERATURE CITED Garrett, Laurie, 1994, "Into the Woods", The Coming Plague; Newly Emerging Diseases in a World out of Balance, 71 -99. Southern, Peter, 1996, "Arenaviridae: The Viruses and Their Replication", Fields Virology, 1505 -1520. Sanford, Jay, "Lassa Fever", The Merck Manual, 218 -219.

P unit

I will also be talking about nature and nurture and how It relates to some of the life stages. The PIES are what everyone needs when they are growing up and get to their full potential they are: physical, intellectual emotional social. Physical needs are things like sleep, food, drink, air, warmth, shelter, reproduction and safety form danger these are things that you cannot live without and need to survive. Intellectual Is the second need In life Is the need to learn, face challenges, Interests and hobbies.The third need is emotional needs this is things like: respect to you and others, identity, self-esteem and self-worth. The final need is social this is when you need to feel a ensue of belonging, such as a relationship with someone, affection, family, a work group, and love. Development from O-death physical, Intellectual, emotional and social Conception and birth In the physical stage you are constantly growing In terms of biological cells growing from a cluster in the fallopian tubes to an embryo.By 8 weeks the embryo develops Into a fetus inside your mother's womb and develops tissues, limb, organs and senses, this process ends when your mother gives birth to you. In the Intellectual stage you do not learn anything as you do not thing. In the emotional stage you start o grow an attachment to your mother but you cannot have any self-work or concept as you cannot learn. In the social stage you grow a close relationship with your mum as she Is carrying you and her body Is feeding you this Is the only relationship that you develop in this stage as you have not been born yet so there for cannot build any relationships.You may feel a sense of belonging during pregnancy but that would be It. Infancy In the physical stage you keep constantly growing and developing you grow In height and weight to become stronger this is so that you can support you self you first start y supporting your head then move on to supporting your back when you sit up then you support yo ur whole body when you start standing up for the first time. Also your learn how to digest foods that are easily digest able at first then you go on to after you have been weaned of your mother's milk.The intellectual stage of infancy is that the child starts to communicate with words and is in the process of learning to speak. The child may also be able to count to 10 and say the alphabet but as doing this they do not actually know the meaning of what they are saying an example of this Is If you UT a lop In front of them and then 5 x ups they would chose the ups as they think that there are more of them and do not understand the concept of what they are 1 OFF like their parents or close family and friends if this effected in the infancy then it can affect you in later life.An example of this is that if you aren't securely attached to their mum or dad may in later life be not as able to cope with stress and other major life events. In the social stage of infancy by the age of 2 mont hs they may start to smile and by 3 months they will be able to respond to their parent's voices after 5 months they can recognize people that they have seen such as grandparents and family friends. They start to form an emotional attachment to their parents and by the age of 30 months -36 months they are playing alongside other children and making friends.Childhood In the physical stage children grow constantly but they do it at a slower speed than in infancy. By the age of 4 they will be able to kick and throw a large ball when the child is 6 its head will be only having ten per cent left to grow even though its body still has ages to grow fully. They may be able to skip or ride a bike. Their reproductive organs stay small and useless until puberty. In the intellectual stage children can now think logically and understand simple logical mind puzzles.You may find that a 7-8 year old may find it difficult to mentally imagine puzzles that do not make perfect sense or riddle like ques tions In the Emotional stage children start to use their imagination and they begin to understand the roles that others play in their life. They start to picture them self how they want them to be (ideal self) and their parent's relationship my how the child feels (sense of self-worth). The way that they act at school with their teacher and friends may influence there self-confidence if this stage goes wrong then in the long run and in adult hood they may feel a sense of failure or no self-worth.In the social stage young children are dependent on their careers such there parents they begin to learn social roles such as friendship and teacher student relationships. Adolescence In the physical stage the child/ adult are nearly fully grown and puberty starts to happen. This happens in girls between 11 and 13, it general happens for girls earlier than boys. Boys start puberty between the ages of 13 and 15. Puberty is the stage where the body starts to develop its sexual organs ready for sexual reproduction it is started by the release of hormones that control their sexual development.Both female and male will have a growth spurt at some point where they will grow in height at faster rate than usual. During in puberty girls breasts get larger and they start their fat layers start to increase under the skin. Also they get their menstrual periods and pubic hair starts to grow. During in puberty boys also get pubic hair as well as facial hair. Their voices break. This means that their voices get deeper in tone. Their testes and penis become larger. In the intellectual stage they are now an adult thinker and can thank through and solve complicated problems in their heads.They can work out a problem like the car won't start as the battery if dead or it needs more fuel. They also may start thinking abstractly and be able to solve a problem without seeing the end idea. In the emotional stage teen ages start to get a sense of their own identity and their sense of self star ts to develop further. In this time it may be trustful as they may not have very good self-esteem. This is linked to a person's sense of identity. A strong sense of identity is need so that loving sexual attachments can be made.This also means that they will feel secure in the work place when influenced by how their family affect them. Teenagers have to cope with becoming confident with their sexuality and also becoming socially independent from the family. Friends are important in this stage as they help them fit it and belong in a group. Teenagers will copy their friend's behavior and the way they dress as well as levels and cultural values. Adult hood In the physical stage you are at the peel of your physical performance from the age 18 – 28 this is proved by champions that do sport.This is because adults lose their strength and speed with age. Exercise can help you to develop your physical strength and can increase your fitness if you are overweight you will lose weight u ntil you are fit or have a good IBM. In the intellectual stage you are already fully developed fully and need to Get a Job during adulthood this involves learning new skills, skills can also be learn at the early stages of adulthood when a person leaves home and lives independently this can include cooking and managing a home budget. And then in the later years of adulthood adults begin to react more slowly.In the emotional stages your development starts when a person leaves home and starts to be independent and self-reliant also getting a new Job means you have to behave in a mature manner and you as a person starts controlling the way you respond to emotions. In the social stage you when an adult leaves home they start to build up ewe relationship like getting a partner or getting married and having their own family they start to love in different ways they love their friends, partners, family and children but in different ways.Being in a working atmosphere means that you develop work friendships as well as colleagues. Old age and the final stages of life In the physical stage older adults are more prone to putting on weight this may happen because they have become less active but still eating the same amount of food as when they were younger. Older adults also are at a higher risk of getting disease and disability. For women menopause happens around the age of 45-60 this is when they become less fertile and are not as able to conceive children.In the intellectual stage older adults like adult hood nothing has changed other than the fact that you learn something new every day. But as you get older you may start to forget things this may Just be because of old age or because of dementia or Alchemist's. Everyone is different so there intellectual development is different, for example someone could get dementia this could cause there intellectual development to be affected because they have loss of memory.In the emotional stages emotional development doesn't ch ange much but because of them getting older people can see them as less able and so that can knock there confidence as they can feel that they can't do what they use to be able to do. As you get older, a lot of your friends and family may have passed away because it's the end of their life. Also, older adults may be very close to someone who they had a great relationship and spent most their life with. This person may have passed away and the other person could die of heart ache.In social stages during these years there group of reined cut down and family start to become more important again. They can also be isolated and be on their own a lot of the time or with their partners and so they're not different social groups, such as going to bingo and meeting new people. My celebrity I picked Madonna as my celebrity in her early life she was born in Bay City, Michigan, on August 16, 1958 and her full time is Madonna Louise Veronica Concise. From the age of 5 Madonna had lost her mum due to cancer but she had also Just got a baby sister.The treatment or her mother had to be delayed until the baby reached full ERM, but by then the disease had grown too strong and she passed away on the 1 December 1963. This was a big shock to her and therefore had a tough childhood this may affected her emotional and social stages. Because of the career of singing her intellectual development has developed in relation to writing songs as money coming in was more important. Emotionally; she has been though a lot and from a young age was put under pressure and stress due to finance in the family and the death of her mum.And when she got older due to all the Jobs she is physically and mentally rained because as she has become more famous she has to think about his every move as her whole life is now for everyone to see. This could cause her to be stressed, or depressed as of the media. From a young age she wouldn't have been able to go out with friends as he would have been working as she had a Job and did a lot of ballet. And still as she gets older she has to be careful with who she trusts as because she is famous it could make her quite lonely as she needs to trust people even more than anyone else. References The health and social care LA book 1 P Unit September had then arranged an Interview with my form tutor who helped me Identify what opportunities a business degree in management would help me in she explained hat there are many Job roles and told me to research more into the Job roles and to check the new Vic website. Http://model. Enamel. AC. UK/ had then a broader idea to what I would be getting studying in university. I found out that there are many opportunities in different departments of management 11th Even though I understood what I would be studying in university I thought I would arrange a meeting with the career advisors to see if there are other options or better courses suited towards my needs.My findings suggested in the interview that my creative and writing skills were very good, they suggested me on looking into law as there is a law/ business management BAA honor 1 lath September was not too sure about studying law as I have never thought of studying it, but I thought I would check the requirements and also c heck what the course is all about. Http://WV. Westminster. AC. UK/courses/sub]sects/business-and-management/ undergraduate-courses/full-tale/fumble- management-law 1 OFF aspects of law as well, the economics side of it 11th September.

Quantitative Methods

Decision Science Management: Please show all your work with the problems in steps but NOT just answers. 22. Reiser Sports Products wants to determine the number of All-Pro (A) and College (C) footballs to produce in order to maximize profit over the next four-week planning horizon. Constraints affecting the production quantities are the production capacities in three departments: cutting and dyeing; sewing; and inspection and packaging. For the four-week planning period, 340 hours of cutting and dyeing time, 420 hours of sewing time, and 200 hours of inspection and packaging time are available.All-Pro footballs provide of $5 per unit and College footballs provide a profit of $4 per unit. The linear programming model with production times expressed in minutes is as follows: Max 5A + 4C s. t. 12A + 6C 20,400 Cutting and dyeing 9A + 15C 25,200 Sewing 6A + 6C 12,000 Inspection and packaging A, C 0 A portion of the graphical solution to the Reiser problem is shown in Figure 2. 23 a. Shade the feasible region for this problem. b. Determine the coordinates of each extreme point and the corresponding profit.Which extreme point generates the highest profit? c. Draw the profit line corresponding to a profit of $4000. Move the profit line as far from the origin as you can in order to determine which extreme point will provide the optimal solution. Compare your answer with the approach you used in part (b). d. Which constraints are binding? Explain. e. Suppose that the values of the objective function coefficients are $4 for each All-Pro model produced and $5 for each College model. Use the graphical solution procedure to determine the new optimal solution and the corresponding value of profit.

Pros and cons Essay

Reality shows is a genre of television show that screens unscripted dramatic or funny situations, reenacting true stories. These shows are usually acted out by normal people instead of professional actors. Hence, this essay will explain the pros and cons of reality shows and why they are so popular. Firstly, reality shows are really fascinating. By watching how the actors speak and behave in unexpected situations, the audience would be able to reiterate them and get out of awkward situations. For instance, watching a reality show that screens a typical life of a lazy student. When a student is unable to hand in his assignment, he can say that he was suffering from a bad headache and promise to hand in the next morning. Secondly, reality shows displays freedom and free speech. As reality shows basically reflects our actions in our daily lives. This will help the viewers to gain the confidence in voicing out their opinions. In other words, democracy can be seen in this situation. Whereby, the people have an equal opportunity to express their opinion on the laws and the actions of their country. Thus, reality shows are popular as it helps to bring out the voices of the people. However, there are also cons to reality shows. From the young to adults and from schools to workplaces, people are discussing about the reality shows they have watched. The reality shows have become a common topic for the people that seperates the different topic for different age range. From this, disadvantages can be observed because this causes a line to be drawn between the young and the adult. Parents and children will not be able to communicate properly and conflicts may rise. Children will think that their parents do not understand them and thus growing apart from each other, affecting their relationship. Lastly, reality shows normally target the adolescence. As part of the media strategy, the reality shows timings are set at night and will affect the student’s studies greatly. Instead of studying at home, the students will watch the television programmes. As a result, not only affecting their study grades but also affect their future career prospects. In conclusion, reality shows are popular as it helps the audience to escape awkward situations by reiterating the actors words and also help to build up confidence in individuals. Though there are bad effects of reality shows, for example, students not studying and instead watching the programmes. This shows why reality shows are so popular. Lol okay sorry Jinbo. I think this essay very crappy x_x you’d probably have vomited like 2 or 3 buckets of blood by the time you reach the end of the composition. My bad 😠¡

My Experience in Islam Worship Essay

My first visit to Islam worship as I recall happened three years ago through a Muslim friend who invited me to observe their worship. Prior to my first visit, I often hear through a loud speaker something like an utterance but also seem like a song coming from a Mosque not so far from where I live. Of course, every religion has their own way of expressing their faith but I should say Islam is quite unique in a sense that worshippers demonstrate deep sense of respect and devotion to Allah. Islam was born in the City of Mecca around 570 A. D. through the prophet Mohammad. Esposito (2002) noted that in the sixth century, â€Å"Mecca was emerging as a new commercial center with vast new wealth but also with a growing division between rich and poor, challenging the traditional system of Arab tribal values and social security†(p. 7). According to Esposito, it was this time and social condition in which prophet Mohammad preached the message of Quran â€Å"which formed the basis for the religion we know as Islam calling all to return to the worship of the true God and a socially just society† (Esposito 2002, p.  7). Like Christianity, Islam religion has a fundamental claim of its origin from the Bible. Muslims also believe that God sent revelations first to Moses, then to Jesus. Esposito aptly stated that Muhammad is not considered the founder of the new religion of Islam but like the biblical prophets who came before him, he was a religious reformer (p. 7). Mohammad himself according to Esposito claim that he did not bring a new message from a new God but called people back to the one true God and to a new of life they had forgotten or deviated from. Islam’s claim for biblical origins can be traced from Quran’s abundant references to stories in the Old and New Testaments which included Adam and Eve, Abraham and Moses, David and Solomon, Jesus and Mary. Esposito pointed out that Islam and worship of Allah—the Arabic word for God was a return in the midst of a polytheistic society to the forgotten past, to the Abraham’s monotheist faith. During my first attendance to Islam worship, one thing that I noticed was that they bowed down with their face almost if not touching the ground. As far as I am concern, there is no religious organization doing the same, not even the Jews who had probably the most profound concept of worship. Though I am quite aware of this manner of worship, I was really intrigued how they had developed such way of expressing their faith and humiliation before God. I found that for Islam, the meaning of worship is more than just rendering sincere service, or showing reverence for Allah. Abdul-Rahman (2003) emphasized that worship â€Å"implies total submission and complete obedience to Allah’s commandments both in utterances and public actions, whether explicit or implicit and in private or public† (p.  331). As I observed the way Muslims conduct themselves in public worship, their manner proves they indeed a deep devotion and submission to Allah. According to the teachings of Quran, bowing down of heads during worship and during prayer is part of the distinction of the followers of Mohammad who is the messenger of Allah. The Quran teaches, Muhammad is the messenger of Allah. And those who are with him are severe against disbeliever, and merciful among themselves. You see them bowing and falling down prostrate, seeking bounty from Allah and his good pleasure. The mark of them is on their faces from the traces of prostration. This is their description in the Tawraat (Torah) [al-Ahzaab 33:40] (As cited by Abdul-Rahman, p. 177). On my visit at a Sunni Muslim Mosque, I noticed that contrary to other non-Sunni Muslims, the manner of prayer and worship of the Sunni Muslims are a little bit different as they would stand, kneel, or prostrate when worshipping or praying. However, what was intriguing in their manner of worship was that when they prostrate themselves in prayer and worship, they face in the direction of Mecca. Although the concept of this practice was not new as during Israel’s Babylonian captivity in 570 BC, Prophet Daniel was thrown into the lions den for praying three times a day â€Å"facing Jerusalem† (Daniel 6: 11). For Muslims both Sunni and non Sunni, praying facing Mecca is one way of showing devotion to Islam because Mecca is Muslims holy city. O’Brien (2007) noted that Muslims pray five times a day while facing Mecca (p. 135). Even in Muslims five pillars of faith, pilgrimage to Mecca is considered as one of the five pillars that a devout Muslim should experience. While this tradition may be viewed by non Muslims as naive yet apparently, it reflects their devotion and loyalty to their religion. It shows that Muslims are faithful to their beliefs and tradition and to the founder of Islamic religion and Mecca serves as the symbol of their spiritual unity. When somebody visits a mosque for the first time, what he would likely to see are people chatting quietly or napping on the carpets and are praying and reading the Quran. But what could be more surprising perhaps is the main prayer or worship area, which is just a large open space with no pews or benches. Most of us are used to see pews and benches and expensive as well as sophisticated church facilities such as organ, drum set, piano and all church equipments adorning the main worship hall once we are inside the church either Christian or Roman Catholic Church. In Islam, although mosque is the sacred space for individual and congregational worship and it serves as places for prayer, meditation and learning yet unlike most Christian churches, the space is devoid of any equipment as Muslims simply bow down or kneel when they come to pray or worship. The interior of the mosque is simple and austere. There is no altar and no sanctuary, and there is even no clergy to deliver sermons nor are there any seats. Visitors to Sunni mosque can observe worshippers may stand, bow, kneel, or prostrate themselves, but they do not sit in the House of God. The rational behind all this, according to Bernard Lewis and Buntzie Ellis Churchill (2008) is that â€Å"the act of worship includes prostrations, to the point where the worshipper’s forehead touches the ground† (p. 40). Lewis & Churchill (2008) described their observation of the Muslim prayer and worship in mosque as follows: To participate in the ritual prayers, Muslims must be ritually pure. This is accomplished by means of ablutions, the manner and sequence of which are specifically regulated. To preserve the purity of the floor on which the worshipper prostrates himself, it is forbidden to enter the mosque wearing shoes or boots. These must be left at the entrance, and the worshipper—or, fro the matter, visitor—must enter barefoot or with special slippers provided at the entrance. The need to for purity precludes the participation or even the presence, during the prayers, of non-Muslims (p. 41). Aside from empty space, first time visitor to Mosque could also observed that there were no liturgies, but all prayers and recitations of verses from Quran. However, conversing with any mature Muslim, one could learn that Muslims perform worship five times daily. Speaking of worship, Browen (993) observed, â€Å"The rituals begin with ablutions, after which the worshipper, either alone or in congregation, performs two, three, or four rak’a or worship cycles in the direction of Mecca. Each the worshipper executes a fix sequence of movements (Standing, Prostrating, kneeling, sitting), each accompanied by a fix Arabic recitation† (p. 291). The recitations according to Browen include praises of God, affirmations of his oneness, a general request for divine guidance, and, at the beginning of each cycle, two or more verses from Quran. I could affirm this observation because during my own visit to Sunni Muslim worship, I personally witness how they demonstrate their devotion to Allah. In comparison to worship perform in most Christian churches; I could say that Muslim worship is deeply grounded on loyalty, devotion and reverence to God. In Christian churches, we could not deny that most of us are looking for comfort and even for entertainment once inside the church. We cannot bear long hours of worship service particularly on listening to the preaching of the word of God. Most of us we enjoy the singing of joyful Christian music but felt board during most of the service hours. In Muslim worship, one can observe that everyone sincerely performs worship to Allah. Browen pointed out, â€Å"Worshippers may also add petitionary prayers to the recitations. Worship should be performed five times daily: at first light, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset, and night† (p. 291). The Friday noon worship consists of a sermon and two worship cycles, and should be performed in congregation. It also has a prayer leader and a sermon giver. But one of the most notable things for the first timer in mosque worship is that one will find that worshippers are either all men or all women. This is perhaps common in all mosque worship. The reasons for this were quite obvious. Not much about their customs but about the physical nature of the prayer in which worshippers stand shoulder to shoulder, foot to foot, and which require the position of prostration. Haddad, Smith & Moore (2006) noted the arguments on the separation of men and women during worship in Mosque. Citing statements from Muslim women, Haddad, Smith & Moore wrote, â€Å"Very few Muslim women say that they want to worship side by side with men† (p. 63). â€Å"I don’t want men to look at me like that and be distracted from their attention to God, nor do I wish to look directly at the rear parts of men during prayers† goes the arguments. In some sense, this separation of sexes is a little different from other religions that also practiced separation of sexes during worship. Most religions practicing the separation of sexes are concern merely about the setting arrangements and not entirely excluding women in the same area, whereas worship in mosque gives preference on men at the main worship area, thereby promoting men’s supremacy over women. Haddad, Smith, and Moore stated, â€Å"When space is severely limited, women may find themselves worshipping in less desirable areas such as hallways or basements† (p.  64). My visit in Sunni Muslim worship, although there might only be very slight if none at all, differences between Sunni and non-Sunni Muslims, greatly impressed me because I realized how zealous are the Muslims in their faith in God. I realized that their motives of worshipping God are plain and simple but the manner they worship demonstrates how deep their devotion to Allah is. Their effort to focus their attention to God is admirable as they cannot be perhaps equaled by today’s worship both by Catholics or Christian worship. Many will find Muslim women’s clothing for example as weird and burdensome, but most Muslim women prefer wearing their hijab in order to avoid seducing men by their physical form. For most Muslim women, styles of clothing made exactly what they are expected to be â€Å"a model for her gender and her faith. To sum up my observation, the worship I had seen was full of unfamiliar religious observance yet they all reflect profound expression of faith in God which is diminishing in many Christian worship today. Abdul-Rahman, M. (2003) Islam U. K. MSA Publicatin Bowen, R. J. (1993) Muslims Through Discourse USA: Princeton University Press Haddad, Y. , Smith, J. I. & Moore, K. M. (2006) Muslim Women in America USA: Oxford University Press Esposito, J. L. (2002) What Everyone Needs to Know about Islam New York: Oxford University Press Lewis, B. & Churchill, B. E. (2008) Islam USA: Wharton School Publishing O’Brien, M. E. (2007) Spirituality in Nursing USA: Jones & Barlett Publishers

Romeo and Juliet movie (NOT the Leonardo Dicaprio version) Essay

Romeo and Juliet movie (NOT the Leonardo Dicaprio version) - Essay Example The freshness and youthfulness of the performance of the leading characters had brought a different light to the story. The plot of the original work by Shakespeare had been meant to be young, but other movie adaptations had failed to capture the said youthful character. The plot of the story was the best impression of the Shakespeare’s work. Capturing the essence of the plot can be considered as an important achievement of the film because it is very seldom that written literary works can be successfully adapted to film due to different factors such as limitations in the film genre and the subjectivity of the interpretation of the production team, especially the director and the script writer. The most important focus of the paper though is the message of the film. The message of the story of Romeo and Juliet both in the written form and in the film is the power of love. Basically, the story showed the different types of love. Love of the family and love between the two lover s, Romeo and Juliet had been the force that stirred and moved the film. The love of the family can be observed in every member of each family. The conflict between the two families started due to the intention to protect their loved ones. For Romeo and Juliet though, the main driving force had been the love they had for each other.

European Sovereign-debt Crisis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

European Sovereign-debt Crisis - Research Paper Example Attempts by international monetary fund (IMF) to avail 750 billion Euros to financially support countries with high debt situation did not mitigate the situation. The paper will, therefore, explore on the causes and evolution of the debt crisis, its impact on the US market, and some interventions undertaken by the US to mitigate the impact. Causes of the Crisis Many factors can be attributed to the crisis that has seen the credit ratings of countries decline and caused shock in the global financial markets. The European Union has been accused of failing to take timely actions and of lingering until the situation ran out of hand. The crisis resulted from a mixture of several complex factors like the globalization of finance, international imbalances in trade, housing bubbles, ease credit conditions between 2002 and 2008 that resulted into high risk lending, and the slow economic growth in the year 2008 (Frangakis, 2006). The factors are elaborated below. a) Increased debt level EU mem bers signed a Maastricht treaty in 1992 where members promised to limit their deficit spending and debt amounts. However, the member countries like Greece and Italy failed to adhere to the agreements of the treaty and instead used complex currency and credit derivatives to increase their debt levels. From the data, the debt levels rose because of the large bailout given to financial sector in the late 2000s and the 2008 economic recession. In 2007, the percentage of fiscal deficit was 0.6 before it rose to 7% during the crisis (Frangakis, 2006). The government debt simultaneously rose to 84% from 66% of the GDP. The crisis can thus be attributed to the inappropriate fiscal policy choices and the actions by the governments to bail out troubled banks. The variations in how different countries used borrowed funds resulted in different effects. Ireland banks, for example, increased their lending to property developers, which later led to the housing bubble. Greece, on the other hand, in creased its pledge to the government workers of salary increment and pension rise. These actions increased the government level of debt, which later made it difficult for the states to meet their obligations as they became due. b) Trade imbalances The crisis grew because of the increasing trade imbalances. An increase in the amounts of trade deficits increases the levels of debt hence increasing the debt crisis. Before the commencement of the debt crisis, the trade deficit of Italy, France, and Greece increased, while that of Germany recorded trade surplus. However, Greece position has improved because of the decline in the imports and increment for exports. c) Loss of confidence Immediately after the crisis developed, it became clear that the bonds of weaker economies like Greece were risky. Because of this loss of confidence, sovereign CDS prices rose to match the market expectation of the increased debt. Investors also doubted the ability of the countries to contain the crisis be cause EU countries have few monetary policy choices. d) Monetary Policy Inflexibility Monetary policy inflexibility of all member states of EU established a common monetary policy and used one currency. Countries were, therefore, unable to print money in order to devalue their currency to stimulate exports and reduce the debt level through trade surpluses. Greece and other member states, therefore, lacked

Environmental Economics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Environmental Economics - Assignment Example People have associated natural resources as the basic elements for the production of basic commodities such as mineral products, fishing and forestry. For this reason, there is a greater need to value these resources in a bid to limit their use and bring sustainability in their utilization (Elibrary.worldbank.org, 2015). Environmental economics brings about a myriad of concepts that include green economy and green growth. A green economy is one that aims at bettering the lives of human beings, bringing about social equity while reducing environmental risks significantly. This entails the need to facilitate growth that is driven by private and public investments that serve the purpose of reducing pollution and carbon emissions, enhancing the efficiency of national resource utilization and prevention of ecosystem loss and biodiversity. It is also important to note that a green economy serves to support the concept of sustainability (Kettunen and ten Brink, 2012). Green growth on the other hand entails the overall strategies that serve the purpose to describe a way in which growth in the economy integrates the use of natural resources sustainably (Publishing, 2014). To make the concept of green economy a reality, it is paramount that we inculcate important aspects and conditions. This includes national regulations, policies, incentives and subsidies, international markets, trade and aid protocols. In this paper, we discuss one of the distinctive issues where providing public environmental goods represents a priority. The Main focus is on the need to provide natural capital and resources. This is a delicate matter because when it comes to dealing with natural resources such as forests, there is need to ensure that while utilizing the resource, we should put into consideration its overall implications and thus be at a position of dealing with issues as they arise, either positive or negative

REPORT ON LUTHERANS RELIGIOUS FIELD RESEARCH Essay

REPORT ON LUTHERANS RELIGIOUS FIELD RESEARCH - Essay Example There are many misunderstandings concerning religion in general. The beliefs and practices of Islam have been misconnected and people have posed various misunderstandings on what they believe in about Islam (Waines, 1995). There is much flawed information that floats around concerning the faith of Islam: I personally had a misconception that Muslims worship a black stone or moon god; that Islam looks down upon women; that Muslims are terrorists among other misconceptions. However, the paper seeks to analyze how my prior misconceptions have changed following the truth and alterations of the conceptions through encounter. The paper hence aims to bust the misunderstood myths and expose the truth about Islam. The first misconception is that Muslims worship a moon god; some of the non Muslims have mistakenly believed that Allah is a moon god or some idol. After a wide consultation and encounter, this has been altered. Allah is the name of One True God, in the language of Arabic. The Musli ms have a fundamental belief that there is only one God, the Sustainer, the Creator; known in Arabic as Allah. This hence means that Muslims do not worship a moon god, but God the Almighty. Another misconception is that Muslims do not believe in Jesus; the life and teachings of Christ Jesus is documented in the stories of Qur’an. ... out Islam is that majority of Muslims are Arabs; although Islam has been mainly associated with Arabs, they only make up 15% of the population of Muslims in the whole world. The country with the most number of Muslim populations is Indonesia. The large numbers of Muslims are found in Asia followed by Africa, then Europe (Hodgson, 1974). Before my encounter with the truth about Islam, I also had the misconception that Islam oppress women, however, most of the mistreatment that is received by women in the world of Muslim is based on traditions and culture, without any foundations in the faith of Islam. Practically, forces such as spousal abuse, forced marriage, and restricted movement contradict directly the laws of Islam that govern personal freedom and family behavior. The misconception that women have no rights in Muslim world is untrue. The images of women who wear a veil covering them, and that women are not allowed to drive, are common in Islam. This is not Muslim law even though many Muslim countries implement such harsh treatments against women. Many of such countries demonstrate differences in culture that are against Islam teachings. It should hence be noted that in the pre-Islam period, Arabia women were only used for fornication with no independence. In fact the birth of female beings was considered humiliating. The practice of infanticide of female was uncontrolled. It is a fact also that a Muslim woman is permitted to accept and reject any suitor as well as seek divorce. Hence, there is nothing in the Islam law that forbids women from driving and house. It is also considered a sin if a woman refuses to seek knowledge (Hitti, 1970). I also had a misconception that Muslims are extremists and violent terrorists. Terrorism is, at all, not justifies under any