Philosophy Exam Questions Essay

What is Platos opening of medical record? What is it about and how does it work? Platos scheme of recollection states that all noesis a individual has ever kn hold or will know already exists in his/her memory. As a result, time and attainment are simply illusions they are the carry through and through of remembering boththing. To prove his theory, Plato presents an example. It concerns Socrates and a break bingles back. Socrates gives the slave a series of geometrical diagrams and questions, request him to solve them. The slave does so, without having any numerical training before. Thus, be crap the slave was able to do so, Socrates says that the totally he could was because he had preceding knowledge in a earlier existence and was simply recollecting that knowledge.Plato held that it is better to feature in ar acter than to commit one. Why? What is Platos theory of justice? Platos theory of justice states that, on an individual level, justice is a human law creditwo rthy for making a somebody consonant and good on a amicable level, justice is what makes a society symmetrical and good. in that locationfore, to suffer an injustice is better, as the person suffering that injustice remains virtuous. The virtue stems from maintaining ones values, two as an individual and within society.Discuss Platos view of expiration. What is the nature of death for Plato, and what, in his view should be the philosophers reception to the prospect of it? Explain. Platos view of death is presented in the Phaedo, and is of a nonchalant nature. He believes that death is something that should non be feared, as it is the natural course of things to come to life, as well as to die. Through Socrates, he maintains that one of the goals of practicing ism is to prepare for death. He believes that it frees the soul from the body as a good deal as possible tour one is still alive. Therefore, death is something of a virtue, as it prepares one for having an immortal so ul.How does idol figure out in the views of Descartes and Berkeley? Both Descartes and Berkeley use the reportl of God in their arguments by introducing God as the cause of a persons ideas. However, this is where the similarity ends. Descartes states that God is the only possible cause of the idea of God, while matter is the cause of all another(prenominal) ideas. Berkeley states that God is the only possible cause of all ideas. Thus, God is a bode Mind from which all ideas come.Explain Descartes rule of doubt. What is it and what is its value for philosophical enquiry? Descartes order of doubt is a philosophical schema in which the goal is to defeat skepticism. one(a) must begin by wondering(a) the truth of everything, not just the shew of the senses or the evidence of culture, simply the positive process of argument itself. If a circumstantial truth can survive this original challenge, then it must be altogether true and thus, a certain al-Qaida for knowledge. In regard to its value for philosophical enquiry, this regularity is much handle Socrates method of seeking the truth. It allows one to go through various theories and muddle through various questions in order to seek their own truth.What is Descartes jump on example about? How do you think Berkeley would explain the same topic? Descartes believes that the human intelligence is capable of plan and perception. He explains this notion by musical mode of an example concerning wax. It is evident that solid wax and melted wax are both wax. Therefore, perception is not just a function of the senses, but as well as a reasoning of the mind. The ultimate conclusion for Descartes, then, is the occurrence that the mind is the only thing that is definitively in existence. Berkeley would check into with Descartes, as he also believes that the mind is the only substance that real exists. For him, the wax in both forms would not be considered an existing entity, as he does not believe that the physical land exists.What is Berkeleys view of the distinction amid master(a) and secondary winding qualities? How does his view dissent from Descartes? Berkeley, upon examining the perception of things, came to the conclusion that any development he has must be considered secondary qualities. Therefore, they are functions of his mind. He rejects the existence of primordial qualities, because to him, the mind is the only substance that exists. Descartes says otherwise. He believes that every substance has two types of properties. There is the primary quality, which is the heart of existence then there is the secondary quality, which focuses on the senses. In simple terms, for Berkeley, there is no primary quality for Descartes, there is.Describe Russells criticism of Berkeleys high-mindedness. Do you agree with his criticism? Explain. When criticizing Berkeleys theory of idealism, Russell examines every aspect and counters each identify with his own. He points out t hat Berkeleys initial reasoning concerning sense-data are valid. However, it is from this point on that Russell begins to feud Berkeley. He points out that the idea of something creation in the mind is a bit difficult to understand, as his meaning of idea is confusing. In the end, Russell states that the ultimate fallacy of Berkeleys argument is that one can cop what is in his or her mind. Finally, Russell states that the nature of knowledge completely refutes Berkeleys argument. Russells stamp that Berkeley is in reverse in stating that ideas are of the mind is not completely acceptable. Berkeleys concept is not hard to grasp, as it is in the mind that most ideas develop. Many of the concepts unquestionable within ism stem from a simple idea formulated in ones mind. Therefore, Berkeley is partially correct in his belief. However, Russell makes a valid point that if one believes that things only exist in the mind, the ability for man to gain knowledge would be limited. Since o ne does not indispensability knowledge to be limited in any way, Berkeleys concept of idealism can be dismissed in some regards.According to Russell, what is the point of doing philosophy? Russell does not provide a point, but rather an aim for doing philosophy. He states that the aim is to achieve knowledge through dubiousness and criticism. However, philosophy does not contain certainties like other fields of study do. Yet, correspond to Russell, it is those very uncertainties that make the study of philosophy so vital to humanity. Thus, doing philosophy not only helps to find answers to questions about the arena around, but it also helps to keep one inquisitive about that world.